Category Archives: Ancient Manuscripts

Old Testament Manuscripts and 18 Tiqqune Sopherim

To analyze and explore a passage of the Old Testament, one must first establish the particular text (i.e., identify exactly what it is they are translating and exploring). To that end, one must know where to find the most relevant manuscripts. This article catalogs various Old Testament manuscripts with emphasis on online sources (for free

The Old Testament Aleppo Codex: Vowels Added after Consonants

The standard edition of the Hebrew Old Testament is Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS). BHS is based off of a manuscript called the Leningrad Codex (B 19A) which dates to AD 1008. The Aleppo Codex is like B 19A, only older (AD 920), and partly missing (and so B 19A is more widely used). High resolution

Looking under the hood of the Bible

You likely have an English Bible. The Bible, of course, was not written in English. So I have a few questions for you: 1) Who translated it? 2) Where did they get the manuscripts to translate? 3) What manuscripts are available to the translators? I gave two presentations on the manuscripts behind the modern translations.

Ancient Manuscripts of the New Testament

The New Testament is a compiled collection of ancient books and letters.  The original copies of those books and letters are lost.  However, we have copies that date close to the time of the originals.  In fact, we have so many ancient manuscripts, that a numbering system was invented to inventory all the various scraps

Epigraphic or Archaic Hebrew

When I am working on a paper or research project, I often go to Amazon and find some of the books I need. I then add those books to a wish list (not because I wish to own them, but because I wish to keep track of them). Then I create names for different lists